ASEAN Biodiversity Trends
Reducing the Rate of Extinction
Overall, the ASEAN is progressing towards the target but at an insufficient rate. The Red List Index for Southeast Asia as of February 2020 shows a continuing and consistent increase in the rate at which the region is losing its biodiversity
ASEAN Forest Cover
Forests are crucial in maintaining the delicate environmental balance that makes life on Earth possible. The forest ecosystems significantly contribute to agriculture and food security, livelihoods and poverty alleviation, economic growth and equality, and health and nutrition.
ASEAN Wetlands
Wetlands are equally important habitats for many species of birds and mammals, fish, amphibians, shellfish, and insects. They are rich food sources and breeding grounds for fishes and also serve as stopover sites for migratory waterbirds. The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands
The ASEAN Biodiversity Dashboard
The ASEAN Member States (AMS) have committed to taking coordinated and bold action to prevent species extinction across the region and in line with their commitments and participation in the Convention on Biological Diversity, and other multilateral environmental agreements.
These commitments call on AMS to take effective and informed action on biodiversity conservation driven by current and accessible data that supports forward-looking actions and allows for the evaluation of conservation efforts and tracking of targets.
With support from the European Union through the Biodiversity Conservation and Management of Protected Areas in ASEAN Project (BCAMP), the ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity (ACB) has partnered with NatureServe in the development of the ASEAN Biodiversity Dashboard to provide key stakeholders in ASEAN access to an interactive, online platform for visualizing trends and geographic variation in biodiversity indicators used worldwide.
Charismatic species
The Philippine Eagle (Pithecophaga jefferyi), known as the monkey-eating eagle, is one of the largest and most powerful birds of prey, endemic to the Philippines. Standing about 76 centimeters tall with a wingspan of up to 2.2 meters, it features a distinctive crest of feathers and striking dark brown and creamy white plumage. Inhabiting tropical and montane forests, it primarily hunts small to medium-sized mammals, including monkeys and birds. Critically endangered due to habitat destruction and hunting, fewer than 400 pairs remain in the wild, prompting conservation efforts to protect this national symbol of strength and pride for the Filipino people.
The Sunda Pangolin (Manis javanica), also known as the greater pangolin, is a unique, scaly mammal native to Southeast Asia, including countries like Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. Recognized for its distinct protective keratin scales that cover its body, it can grow up to 1 meter (3.3 feet) in length. Sunda pangolins are primarily nocturnal and are known for their specialized diet, feeding almost exclusively on ants and termites, which they extract using their long, sticky tongues. Unfortunately, they are critically endangered due to rampant poaching for their scales and meat, as well as habitat loss. Conservation efforts are underway to protect this remarkable species, which plays a vital role in maintaining the health of its ecosystem by controlling insect populations.
The Singapore Freshwater Crab (Fortunatia sinensis) is a unique species endemic to Southeast Asia, particularly found in freshwater habitats, such as rivers and streams in Singapore. Characterized by its robust body and distinct coloration, it typically features a dark brown or greenish shell with lighter undersides. This crab plays a vital role in its ecosystem, contributing to the aquatic food web and helping maintain the health of freshwater environments. However, it faces threats from habitat destruction and pollution, leading to a decline in its populations. Conservation efforts are essential to protect this species and its natural habitat, highlighting the importance of freshwater ecosystems in urbanized areas like Singapore.